Collectivization of agriculture in Kazakhstan: purpose, course, consequences

Abstract

In the article the goals, progress and consequences of the collectivization of agriculture in Kazakhstan com-prehensively were examined. The policy of collectivization of agriculture of the Soviet Union was carried outin Kazakhstan in the 1920s‒1930s, and the article analyzes that it was aimed at radically changing the agrari-an structure of the country. It was shown that the main purpose of collectivization was the destruction of pri-vate farms, the organization of production on a collective basis and the subordination of agricultural resourcesto state control. The article analyzes the progress of collectivization, including the forced seizure of livestockand property, the unification of the population into collective farms, as well as measures to force rural resi-dents to implement state plans. In addition, the deep socio-economic and demographic consequences of col-lectivization for Kazakh society were revealed, including mass famine and population migration in the 1930s,as well as the destruction of the traditional economic system of the Kazakh people. The article aims to under-stand the place and importance of the policy of collectivization of agriculture in the history of the Kazakhpeople, as well as to identify socio-economic and cultural changes caused by the consequences of collectivi-zation. The results of the study show that the policy of collectivization had a profound impact on agricultureand the life of the population, and its historical significance is still being studied.