Radical changes in the structure of Kazakh society as a result of the colonial policy of the Russian Empire in the 18th – 19th centuries.

Abstract

Socio-economic transformations in the pre-revolutionary period brought fundamental changes to the social organization of Kazakh society. The difficult situation that arose during the collapse of the unified Kazakh Khanate led to a series of foreign policy failures. Of course, the collapse of the Kazakh Khanate and the colonial policy of Tsarist Russia influenced the ways and methods of farming of the Kazakhs, which also in turn led to increased influence from the Russian Empire. Also, the world historical process influenced the decline of the last nomadic state – the Kazakh Khanate. In this regard, the authors of this article examined the main factors that influenced the transformation of the nomadic society of the Kazakhs, having both internal and external reasons. The article shows the contradictions in the development of social relations in a nomadic society, social stratification, relationships within the nomadic community. The influence of tsarism's policies on changes in the social structure of Kazakhstan is analyzed.