History of the Suzak Uprising: causes and outcomes

Abstract

At the end of the 1920s, with the onset of industrialization and mass collectivization, Kazakhstan began to change significantly, although scholars still disagree on the extent of these changes. Violence, oppression, and mass repression with the arrival of the Bolsheviks repeatedly led to armed uprisings. The most widespread were the popular uprisings during the Civil War and collectivization. In the late 1920s and early 1930s, popular uprisings broke out with varying intensity throughout the USSR. South Kazakhstan was one of the regions where the Soviet government faced the most fierce resistance. One such uprising was the Suzak uprising, a popular movement against the political and economic measures of the Soviet government in the Suzak district of South Kazakhstan from 1928 to 1930. Studying this issue will not only allow us to collect, analyze, and organize information on this topic, but also to answer the question of the degree and forms of popular participation in anti-Bolshevik protests. The main goal of the study is to examine and summarize the preconditions, content, and characteristics of the Suzak uprising in the Suzak district. The article examines various elements of Bolshevik policy that led to the popular uprising, analyzes the causes of the uprising, its
course and nature, as well as the factors that led to its unsuccessful conclusion. In addition, the authors of this article analyze the actions of Soviet and party authorities aimed at preventing, localizing, and suppressing the Suzak uprising. The main direction of the popular movement during the period of collectivization and confiscation is determined, and the preventive and retaliatory measures taken by Soviet and party officials and their supporters to combat popular discontent are analyzed.