Contribution of archival and educational organizations of pre-revolutionary Kazakhstan in the formation of Kazakhstan historical science (second half of XIX — beginning of XX centuries)

Abstract

This article discusses the contribution of scientific and educational organizations of pre-revolutionary Kazakhstan to the study of culture and history of the region. In various cities of Kazakhstan in the second half of the XIX — early XX centuries. A whole series of scientific societies was opened: regional statistical committees, departments of the geographical society, and since 1887, the Orenburg Scientific Archival Commission. In the creation of scientific organizations was interested not only the regional community,
but also representatives of the tsarist administration. The activities of these organizations were aimed at disseminating historical knowledge, processing and publishing archival materials, archaeological research, promoting and protecting ancient monuments. They collected, processed and distributed geographical, statistical, ethnographic and natural-historical materials, equipped scientific expeditions. The interest of the tsarist administration in opening scientific societies was dictated by the capitalist course of the development of Russia. Scientific research contributed to the involvement of distant suburbs in the sphere of capitalist relations, the growth of productive forces, the development of the economy of the empire. The article emphasizes the role of the Orenburg scientist Archival Commission (OUAC), whose activities contributed to the establishment of archival and historical science in Kazakhstan.