Repressive policy of the Soviet government in relation to minors in 1941 – 1958: analysis of the regulatory framework (stages 3, 4 and 5)

Abstract

This article, which is a continuation of the previous publication (3 issues of the Bulletin of Karaganda University for 2023), analyzed the last three stages of the regulatory framework of repressive policies towards
minors for the period from 1941 to 1958. By grouping the available normative base, the authors identified
five stages from 1918 to 1958, with the main criterion being legislative documents aimed at tightening or softening repressive policies towards the underage population of the country. This article examines the normative documents of the third, fourth, and fifth stages from July 7, 1941, to December 25, 1958. The main sources used in the analysis were the constitution, laws, orders, instructions, resolutions, and various directive documents that allowed the authors to trace the scope and stages of repressive policies towards minors. In conclusion, the authors concluded that the third stage (from July 7, 1941, to January 18, 1945) was the peak, characterized by the tightening of legislation, a sharp increase in the number of minors in the penitentiary system, and the scale and ruthlessness of child labor in all areas of life. The fourth stage (from January 18, 1945, to March 24, 1956) was transitional and characterized by a relaxation of repressive policies towards children. During this stage, not only we observe a reduction in normative sources, but also the emergence of documents aimed at improving the well-being of children. The fifth stage (from March 24, 1956, to December 25, 1958) marked the conclusion, as it was during this period that repressions against minors ceased.